Lesson aims

How do you plan your lessons? Do you start with a general idea of what you want to do? Do you build a lesson around a weakness that your students have? Do you simply pick up where you left off in the previous class? Do you open the course book and see what comes next?

I’d imagine the last scenario happens to us quite often.

You open the course book and you think: “I need to cover this, this and that. I’ll start with a warm up, take this activity out, change this one a bit, add a communicative one, finish with a game… Ok, that’s a lesson”. Sounds about right?

Now, when did you think of your lesson aims?

 

Ideally, we should have some idea of our aims before we start planning the lesson in detail. So, maybe you look at the material available to you, and you think about what you want your students to be able to do by the end of the lesson.

How you phrase your aims should help you understand what you want your students to achieve and how you want to help them get there. So for example:

Students will be able to write an email to a friend inviting them to a party. (achievement aim)

Students will practise analysing model texts, structuring emails, and noticing fixed expressions typical for emails. (procedure aim)

Normally, you only need to write lesson aims for formal observations. However, it is useful to write them down or simply think of them for your own clarity and focused planning.

To get a better grasp of lesson aims and their phrasing please visit the following links to very useful articles:

https://barefootteflteacher.com/blog/lesson-plan-aims

https://thebestticher.wordpress.com/2016/11/14/learning-objectives/

Happy reading!

 

by Kasia Kepka

New academic year tips

Starting off a new term with new groups, in a new environment, with new fellow teachers and those who have been round the houses, what you’ve got are well-meaning, pro-types who want the best for you all and those you teach. You know, trying to give you the thumbs up before the curtain call. Panic-stricken already? No fears, take it from me – this is the deal! Here are a few tips from my head-locker!!

Use your emotions – the positive ones!!

Speak slowly and clearly for the lower levels

Use ‘magnificent’ gestures 

Lay down your rules clearly

Set up simple stories, games, easy to follow instructions

Use your classroom – make it yours

Get to know your students

All the Little details…family, friends, pets

Review the summer holidays in depth

For older kids/teens – the mission ahead, setting goals, homework, (simulations, the Chelsea system)

Having Spanish is an advantage but don’t fret! Just build up key words (teacher/student vocabulary(nouns) that you can display in both languages; éxito, esfuerzo, ganas, solidaridad, compañerismo, amistad, diversión, comportamiento…etc Later, you can remove the Spanish when you’ve learnt them all!

Get to know these words first!

Psychology –

Remember! There will be the quiet ones, the first timers, the hyper active, the noisy teens hell-bent on jabbering in L1, and many other familiar types- Be sensitive but firm with the older kids and teens! With the younger kids and infants, just accept that ‘whatever the ‘problem’ is’, it will be sorted out “después”!! 

If you are taking groups of little ones 4/5/6 yr olds for the first time, remember to bring out the child in you, be silly, be funny and have a batch of songs with funny gestures!

Have a great start and a great first term!!

  

by Gabriel Finn

Handout or no handout

In this post you will find some conclusions we have all drawn from our recent round table session on the topic of using supplementary materials.

To remind you, we looked at various photocopies and answered the following questions:

handout 1

We talked about how different the needs of students of various ages are. We agreed on the following:

  • children and teenagers don’t usually collect the handouts they are given unless they are specifically told to keep them in an organised way; they often throw away loose copies as they don’t know what else to do with them
  • adults tend to prefer to have their own copy of materials rather than share and they like to store their copies (however, we are not sure whether or how many of our students look back at those materials at home)

Hence, we concluded that there are a few principles that can help us decide whether to use photocopied material in class:

  1. assess the usefulness of the material you are going to use
  2. decide whether a hard copy is necessary and beneficial to students’ learning
  3. decide on what form of the material (paper or digital) it is best to use
  4. decide how to use it trying to engage all students and save on the material you are using

The first two steps are essential in lesson planning in general. The material that we use has to make sense and stem from a logical progression of activities in the lesson. If we have done written exercises available in the coursebook or workbook, what is the benefit of photocopying another sheet of exercises for the students to do in the same class? Don’t they need to do a communicative task after that? Does the fact that they have completed a series of exercises on a photocopy we have given them guarantee that learning has taken place? Surely, the quality of the task we give our students will be more important than the quantity. The more we push our students to think, analyse, negotiate and justify their answers, the more they will get from the activity. We may not even need any supplementary material altogether.

However, if we do decide to use additional exercises, we agreed there are several ways of going about the task, which will allow us to either eliminate photocopying or reduce it significantly. The ideas we came up with included:

  • projecting exercises on the board (students either write their answers in their notebooks or complete on the board; kids and teenagers will appreciate a competitive aspect to the activity)
  • cutting up the material (students work in groups and get a part of the material, the mingle or exchange the material in the next step or simply work on their part and exchange information in group feedback later on)
  • posting cut up material on the walls (this involves students working in pairs or groups competing to complete all displayed tasks fast)
  • rewriting the material changing it into an interactive game (e.g. Kahoot, Blockbusters, a trivia quiz, a pub quiz, an auction, etc.)

Although some of these ideas mean some extra work on our part, which may seem more time-consuming than simple photocopying, let’s remember that we do it for our students’ benefit. Quite often we will feel that it’s worth the effort, since our students are bound to take something away from materials that have been well thought through and selected with their specific needs in mind.

We decided in our session that although there are a few occasions when a hard copy will be necessary (e.g. tests, some info gap activities, some vocabulary handouts, some exercises sheets for adults), we can very often eliminate photocopying materials altogether. Going further, we may decide that we don’t actually need any supplementary material if we plan to exploit coursebook material to the maximum and use communicative practice rather than written exercises more often (Ceri Jone’s book may be useful for this).

So, handout or no handout? My own conclusion to the question I’d asked, and I have a feeling all of us present had similar thoughts, is that we have to reassess our approach to material selection and look at every piece of material we are about to photocopy and double check – is this necessary? is it beneficial? how can I use it? I know I’ve got some rethinking to do. After all, all the photocopies we used in the session were made by me ;P

 

by Kasia Kepka

How to make the most of English File

Here are a few practical ideas on how to exploit all materials that go with the English File series.

Do less but more thoroughly

Take advantage of how skills sections (reading, listening, and writing) are designed in the book. Make sure you have a good lead-in to skills practice and an engaging follow-up activity that will give students an opportunity to discuss the content and express themselves in speaking. Check that when introducing vocabulary or grammar you are going through controlled and freer practice stages. Don’t try to use all the materials in one class, save additional resources from the Teacher’s Book for revisions in the following class.

Use the workbook more

The workbook does not have to be reserved for homework. You can pick materials that can be useful to you when revising grammar and vocabulary or use an extra listening or reading. Turn homework check into a revision activity – make sure students compare answers in pairs and negotiate them. When covering grammar ask them to explain their choices referring to specific rules learnt in class. Shift the responsibilities – let the students feel they need to know the answers and that they can depend on each other before they ask you to confirm the correct answers.

Use digital and online resources

Have you ever used the iTutor and iChecker CDs? Have your students used them? Why not try them out in class together? What about the OUP website for students of English File? Use some of the activities in class in a fun game or a competition. Also, try the extra activities marked with a star on the iTools materials. You can use all of these options for revisions.

Additionally, you can check older editions of the series to find extra activities to use in class. Quite a lot of the content has been changed over the years and you may find some useful materials in the older resources. Check our libraries for other editions of the series.

If you have other ideas on using English File resources to the maximum please share in the comments below.

 

by Kasia Kepka

 

Word formation cards

Level: B2 upwards / Age: teenagers and adults

Let’s get creative! What would you do with the word formation cards posted below? How would you use them to practise language? Would you give students the cards or display them? What game would you play?

Here are my two ideas:

  1. Hot potato – Put the cards on the table face down. A student picks up a card with a suffix or a prefix. Students take turns to say a word including the suffix/prefix. To add an element of competition use an interval timer that generates various intervals (example). You can play it in teams or as a whole class.
  2. Make up a story – Ask students to tell a story. First brainstorm characters / places / problems that will have to be included in the story and put them on the board. Start the story by picking up a card and making a sentence and using the suffix/prefix from the card. Nominate the student who has to continue the story. If a card is used correctly the student gets to keep it as their point. If they cannot think of a word they must put away the card and they do not get a point for their sentence. Set a time limit or a card limit for the activity.
  3. ‘Jeopardy’ – Put students in teams. Stick the cards on the board in three columns according to their category. A team chooses a category and the number of points. Once the card is revealed they must say 3 words that contain the suffix/prefix. If they answer correctly they are awarded the points. If not, that card cannot be used any more.

word formation jeopardy

What are your ideas? Please write in the comments below.

word formation cards